Highlights
- •Adolescents with Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) are at increased risk for psychiatric comorbidities.
- •A total of 100 JME patients (14.3 ± 2.5 years, 48 boys) and 100 controls were enrolled.
- •Psychiatric disorders were observed in 46% of JME and 6% of controls (p < 0.01).
- •Common comorbidities were somatic symptoms and related disorders, anxiety, adjustment disorders, and depression.
Abstract
Introduction
Adults with Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) are at increased risk for psychiatric
comorbidities, personality traits, and abnormality in executive function. But studies
on adolescents and their impact on quality of life are scarce in the literature.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study was performed between August 2019 and October 2022 to compare
the prevalence of psychiatric comorbidities in adolescents with JME and age and gender-matched
healthy controls. After completing DSM-5 Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-5) initially
in all patients, we measured the severity of individual psychiatric problems like
anxiety, depression, and somatic symptoms by using an appropriate psychometric scale.
We also measured both groups' intelligence quotient (IQ), executive function, and
quality of life.
Results
One hundred patients with JME (14.3 ± 2.5 years, 48 boys) and 100 controls were enrolled.
Psychiatric disorders were observed in 46% of JME and 6% of controls (p < 0.01). Psychiatric
comorbidities noted in the patients with JME were: somatic symptom and related disorders(n = 14),
anxiety (n = 13), adjustment disorders (n = 12), depression (n = 11), oppositional
defiant disorder (n = 6), conduct disorder (n = 5), anorexia nervosa (n = 3), narcissistic
(n = 3), histrionic (n = 1), substance-related disorder (n = 1), borderline (n = 2)
and antisocial personality disorder (n = 2). The prevalence of depressive disorders,
anxiety disorders, adjustment disorders, somatic symptoms, related disorders, and
any personality disorder was significantly more in the JME group (p < 0.01 for all).
Female gender, higher Epilepsy Stigma Scale score, and lower Epilepsy Outcome Expectancy
Scale were significantly associated with depressive disorders (p = 0.04, 0.03, 0.03
respectively). Similarly, for anxiety, only female gender and lower Epilepsy Outcome
Expectancy Scale were significant associated factors (p = 0.03, 0.02 respectively).
Conclusions
Psychiatric disorders like anxiety, depression, and personality disorders are more
frequent in adolescents with JME than in controls.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 21, 2023
Accepted:
April 4,
2023
Received in revised form:
April 2,
2023
Received:
January 15,
2023
Identification
Copyright
© 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
